Banyarwanda,

Batura-Rwanda mwese,

ltaliki ya 26 y’ukwa cumi, Leta yayigize umunsi mukuru n’umunsi w’ikiruhuko muli Repubulika yose.

Leta yabigiliye kujya yibutsa buli mwaka abaturage intambwe Igihugu cyacu cyateye ku wa 26 oktobri mu 1960, ku wa 26 okto-bri 1961.

Mwese muracyabyibuka :

Induru y’iyoka rya Gihake n’Imvururu ya novembri 59 byabaye bikirangira, Igihugu gitorera komini ubwa mbere. Nibwo rero kugira ngo tumareho rwose ubutegetsi bwa Gihake twatse Leta mbiligi yali ikirera Igihugu, ngo dushyireho Leta ya demokrasi nk’uko twali twabiharaniye, dusezerere ubutware bwa Runaka rwa Runaka.

Ubwo bishingira kuli parti parmehutu yali imaze gutsindira Komini, Kayibanda agirwa Ministri mukuru; nshyiraho ba Ministre : Leta ya mbere y’u Rwanda itangira ityo : uyu mwaka ubaye uwa kane.

Baca mu Nteko Nkuru y’i Gitaranna yakoranyijwe n’iyo leta ya mbere y’u Rwanda, bigera kuli Referendum (Kamarampaka), bisingira uwa 26 oktobri 1961.

Inteko Nkuru yatowe muli Kamarampaka inshinga kuba Prezida w’ Igihugu no kuyobora Leta ya Repubulika.

lyo Leta niyo yagejeje u Rwanda kuli lndépandance, iyilinda imvururu n’amahane; na n’ubu igikomeje kwitangira amajyambere y’lgihugu n’abagituye bose.

Ngiyo impannvu y’uyu munsi mukuru, n’igituma uyu munsi w’ikiruhuko twarawitiliye Leta; 26 oktobri ya buli mwaka ukazahora uba umunsi mukuru wo kwibuka Leta y’lgihugu cyacu.

lyo mvuga Leta muli ibi, mba mvuga Prezida hamvve n’ikipi ya ba Ministre b’lgihugu na Programu yo guteza lgihugu imbere uko iba yareretswe Inteko Nkuru y’Ubutegetsi.

Ba ministre ubu murabazi, ndabibutsa Ministere bashinzwe. lziliho kuli ubu ni izi :

Ministere y’U butegetsi n’Ubufatanye bw’Abaturge,

Ministere y’lmanza,

Ministere y’Ingabo z’lgihugu,

Ministere y’Uburezi bw’Amashuli.

Ministere y’lmilimo y’ibikoresho by’lgihugu,

Ministere y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubukire

Ministere y’lmali n’Abakozi b’igihugu.

Ministere ya Plan n’Ubutwererane,

Ministere y’Ububanyi bw’Amahanga.

 

Halimo abo twashinganye muli oktobri 1960 : Ba Ministre BICAMUMPAKA, RVVASIBO, HABAMENSHI, CYIMANA, tutibagiwe MAKUZA umaze gutorerwa kuba Prezide w’Inteko Nkuru y’Amategeko, abandi bagiye batorwa nyuma.

Uko mubizi bashobora no kongerwa bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’imilimo y’ibishinzwe Ministre iyi n’iyi. Kuli ubu ni bake beza, kandi no kubongera nshobora kuvuga ko bizaza kubera imilimo imaze kuba myinshi cyane kuko itaretse kwiyongera kuva aho lgihugu kiboneye ubwigenge.

lbyerekeye programe y’amajyambere, ndabivuga mu magambo make. Imyaka ine ya Législature alicyo gihe iyi Leta yahawe nigera niho tuzagomba kubirondora byose.

Ntabwo Prezida wa Repubulika yahwemye kugira ngo Igihugu kigwiremo amahoro : ngashima mu bakozi bu Republika abahawe kulinda amahoro, nshima ishyaka n’umwete bakorana umulimo wabo.

Ntabwo Prezida wa Republika yahwemye aharanira ko abafite ububasha mu gihugu bose, ail abo hejuru, ail abo hasi, ali n’abo hagati, ali abatwara, ail abategeka, ali n’abacamanza bose bumvikana, bagafatanya, bafatanyiliza amajyambere y’ingo zabo n’Igihugu cyabo.

Ntabwo Prezida yahwemye mu byo kugira ngo Leta na buli Ministre babone uko bakora umulinno w’lgihugu neza, mu bwishyire ukizana bakulikiza amategeko, bafatanyiliza amajyambere y’abaturage.

Nta gihe Prezida wa Repubulika ateretse ubishinzwe igikenewe n’Igihugu, nta gihe atashimye igitsure cyose amajyambere agira ngo bose bakirangamire, bakigilire umwete, nta gihe atagayiye Igihugu ku mugaragaro ikibi cyakwicira amajyambere rusange, kugira ngo abakunda igihugu bakiyime.

Nongeye kubwira umunyarwanda wese n’umunyarwanda-kazi wese : Nimwishyire mwizane mu mategeko, mufatanyiliza amajyambere.

Ayo majyambere akubiye mu ngingo icumi mvuga ntarambuye kubera impamvu namaze gusobanura.

Imitunganyilize y’Ubutegetsi n’Ingero z’abategetsi : irajya mbere : guhera kuli za Komini zegeranyijwe, zikaba zimaze kwitorera, unyuze kuli Prefegitura nshya ya Gikongoro igiye gutangira kubakirwa ibya ngombwa, kugeza ku bakozi bose b’lgihugu, ali abakarani bya rusange ali n’abafundi mu moka yose y’ubukozi.

Ubuhinzi n’Ubukire bw’abaturage burajya mbere. Na none uyu mwaka umwero w’ikahwa waragabanutseho gato : mutayobewe ko uko kugabanuka bifite isano n’ibiciro byo mu maduka, mutayobewe ko uko kugabanuka bishobora gutubya n’ingufu z’ifranga Repubulika ifatanyije n’u Burundi. Umuturage wese yite cyane ku myaka ye ishobora gucuruzwa mu mahanga : ali ikahwa, ali ingano, ali icyayi, cya-ngwa ishobora guhindurwamo ibindi bicuruzwa.

Kuli iyo ngingo ndabibutsa ko mu bihugu bikili bito bikibona ubwigenge, abanyamahanga b’abihahizi gusa bakunda kuzimba bene-Giguhugu kenshi bakoresha za runwa na za ruda zitazi uko umulimo wo kuzamura ubukire bw’lgihugu urushya abashaka kuwukora neza. Mwoye kwishinga ibyo birura byaguliwe uruhu rw’intama.

Guha Igihugu ibikoresho rusange, ni umulimo witaweho na Leta : ndavuga nk’imihanda n’ amateme akomeye, ndavuga nka radio y’lgihugu, ndavuga nk’ikibuga cy’Indege cy’ingufu, ndavuga nka za Autobus zifasha abantu umugenderano w’akamaro, nka telekomunikasiyo na telefone bibahuza vuba, bibahuza n’amahanga, ndavuga nkaza hoteri zifashe neza, n’ibindi nk’ibyo. lbyo byose birajya mbere uretse iby’imvura z’icyorezo ziherutse, zitakigira agace k’isi zibabalira.

lbyerekeye kungura ubwenge n’ubufundi bukomeye mu Gihugu, Leta ibishyizeho umutima. Programe z’amashuli zirunguruzwa; imideli y’amashuli italiho irashakirwa inzira. Ndetse Leta yiyerneje gushinga Université mu Gihugu aho guhora yohereza abana bayo mu mahanga gusoza ubuhanga bwabo. Baca umugani ngo «Ak’imuhana kaza imvura ihise.

N’andi masosiyasiyo yerekeje kungura ubujijuke arajya yirema mu bice byose by’abaturage; tutibagiwe ibyo Leta ikorera kungura ubumenyi n’ubushobozi bw’abakozi b’lgihugu bali basanzwe mu milimo.

lbyerekeye gufasha rusange rw’abaturage kumererwa neza iwabo, Leta ntiyabyibagiwe. Bamwe ntibarumva uko gutunganya i bitaro na za maternite na disipanseri birushya; n’ukuntu ubuvuzi mu Gihugu bitwara amafranga menshi.

Abandi ntibumve vuba akamaro k’amajyambere y’lgihugu ka za Fuwaye, ko gutoza abatigeze mu ishuli gusoma no kwandika; abandi ntibamenye vuba impamvu Leta ikomeye ku Isanduku y’ububiko, ku isanduku y’iminsi mibi n’igihe cy’ubusaza, ku isanduku yo kuzaguliza abashaka kwiyubakira amazu akomeye. ibyo byose Leta iraharanira kubishinga ali ugushaka ko kumererwa neza bizagera mu baturage bose bumva demokrasi kandi bayikulikiza.

Kuli iyo ngingo hali ikindi Leta yifuza ko abaturage bose bashishikalira, ni amajyambere ya Koperative z’amoko yose. Kandi ikabibafashamo, kuko izi ko mu bihugu bikili hasi, umuco wa kooperative alibwo buryo bubangukira rusange bwo kwifasha bazamura Igihugu.

lbyerekeye kubana n’amahanga yo hafi naya kure byitaweho cyane, ali ugushakira inzira inoze umuco w’ubutwererane. Niyo mpamvu limwe na limwe ba Ministre na Prezida banyarukira mu mahanga, Ministre ubishinzwe we akajyayo kenshi, cyangwa hagatumwa abandi bakozi ba Leta. Ni uguhamya umubano, n’ukumenyekanisha u Rwanda, n’ugusuzuma amapatano y’ubwo bufatanye : kuko: Nta mugabo umwe.

lbyerekeye guhamya amahoro byo bilihuta : ali muli uwo mubano n’amahanga, ali no mu Gihugu. Nibishimirwe abaturage bose nk’uko babyerekanye cyane cyane mu itora liheruka rya Komini.

Kuli iyo ngingo ikomeye, abaturage bose bagomba kwiyumvisha ko iby’itora byarangiye, ahubwo bakongera guhugukira bose amajyambere y’imilimo izateza imbere Komini zabo n’ingo zabo. Mwita igihe, ingingo z’ireme ni eshatu : Amahoro, kungura ubukire bwa Komini n’ubw’ingo, kongera ubujijuke mu Gihugu.

lbyerekeye amaparti na byo Leta ibyitayeho, kuko Leta ya Repubulika ikoresha demokrasi.

Leta ya Repubulika ilifuza ko parti iyishyigikiye ikomeza ishyaka ryayo no guhagarara neza mu gihugu.

Aliko kandi nta gihe abategetsi babigenewe bataretse ngo parti yose yishyire yizane imenyekanisha ibitekerezo byayo byiza.

Icyo twanze ni abavugiliza induru kundindiza imilimo ya Leta n’iy’abaturage.

Icyo twanze ni ukurema uduce twa rwihishwa tudafite icyo tumaliye amajyambere muli demokrasi.

Icyo Leta yanga uburunali bw’omoko yose n’ubunyenzi bw’inzererezi. Ukunda lgihugu aroroherana nta buryarya, agakora neza umulimo bamushinze.

lbyerekeye Itegeko-programe likubiyemo izo ngingo zose z’amajyambere. lirabarura ibihe n’ibihembwe zizashobora kuzuzwamo, likanabarura imali ikwiye kuzagenda ku milimo, iirategurwa. Lyazamara guca mu Nteko Nkuru y’Amategeko ligaha Leta kurushaho kwihuta.

Icyo Leta ishishikariye kuli ubu ni ngombwa : ni intango z’amajyambere mu bihugu bikili bito nkiki cyacu : iyo inatekereza kuzashaka uko imihanda yagira makadame ni ukorohereza ubucuruzi no gutubura ubushobozi bw’abakora transport, iyo Leta itekereza mu minsi yo hirya uko u Rwanda rwahuzwa na Tanganyika, Akagera gatinzweho iteme likomeye, ni ukubera akamaro byagira ku biciro by’ibintu byinshi, iyo Leta itekereza uko ubwato ku Kivu bwasayidira transport zo ku mihanda yo mu ntara zikili mu ruhande rwo hino, ni uko byateza ubukire bw’lgihugu imbere.

Nanone ibyo ntabwo ali ibya none, kuko umulimo ali uguherwa ruhande, kandi byose bikaba bidashoborerwa limwe.

N’umuco mwiza w’abaturage, cyane mu bakozi b’lgihugu, Leta iwitayeho. Ubutwali buhora buharanira kurushaho kujijuka; ubwira ku mulimo buli muntu aliho, ntihagire abata igihe babunza urunwa n’uruda, bimunga demokrasi; gukomeza ishyaka ryo guteza imbere lgihugu cyangwa gukorera urugo rwawe; kutadohoka ku mategeko ya demokrasi; kutigira indangare lgihugu cyacu kikili mu mishinga y’i bya ngombwa.

Uwo muco tuwukomeyeho, ku baturage bose, cyane cyane ku bemeye kuba abakozi b’lgihugu. Kuko aho ubuze haba imvururu nk’izidindiza ibihugu bimwe na bimwe bikibona ubwigenge. Kubyibutsa abanyarwanda ni ukugira ngo mbashime, kuko amajyambere muli byinshi u Rwanda rugezeho n’abanyamahanga batangalira muli uyu mwaka wacu wa kabili w’ubwigenge bwacu, ali wo akesha gukomeza kwiyongera.

Uyu munsi w’ikiruhuko, umpaye akanya ko gushima ba Ministre ba Leta ya Repubulika. Ndabashima mwese ubutwali n’ubuhanga n’ubushobozi, n’urukundo rw’lgihugu, n’ishyaka rya demokrasi mukorana imilimo mushinzwe. Nimukomere mukomeze ishyaka.

Muragahorana ubwo butwali n’ubwo bushobozi n’iryo shyaka. Harakabaho Repubulika na Leta yayo.

Kigali, le 26 octobre 1963

Prezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda

Gr. KAYIBANDA

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